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Transmeta Crusoe

Description

The Crusoe was available in two cores: the TM3200 for embedded applications and the TM5400 for low-power personal computing. Both were based on the same architecture but differed in clock frequency and peripheral support.

The TM3200 operated at clock frequencies of 333 to 400 MHz. It has a 64 KB instruction cache, a 32 KB data cache and no L2 cache. The TM3200 has an integrated memory controller supports only SDRAM and a PCI interface. It measures 77 mm2 and uses a 1.5 V power supply, dissipating Less Than 1.5 W of power (typical).

The TM5400 operated at clock frequencies of 500 to 700 MHz. Unlike the TM3200, the TM5400 has LongRun power reduction technology. It has a 64 KB instruction cache, a 64 KB data cache and a 256 KB unified L2 cache. The integrated memory controller supports both SDRAM and DDR SDRAM. It also has a PCI interface. It measures 73 mm2 and uses a 1.10 V 1.6f V power supply, dissipating 0.5 W to 1.5 W typically and a maximum of 6 W.

As Transmeta was a fabless semiconductor company, that is, they did not have the facilities to fabricate their designs, both were fabricated by IBM Microelectronics, the semiconductor business of International Business Machines (IBM). IBM fabricated the Crusoe in a 0.18 m CMOS process with five levels of copper interconnect.

The Crusoe is a VLIW microprocessor that executes bundles of instructions, termed molecules by Transmeta. Each molecule contains multiple instructions, termed atoms. The Code Morphing Software translates x86 instructions into native instructions. The native instructions are 32 bits long. Instructions that meet a set of conditions can be executed simultaneously and are combined to form a 64- or 128-bit molecule containing two or four atoms, respectively. In the event that there are not enough instructions to fill a molecule, the software inserts NOPs as padding to fill out empty slots. This is required in all VLIW architectures and is criticised for being inefficient, which is why there are molecules of two separate lengths.

Products

Compaq TC1000

Compaq T5300, T5500, T5510, T5515, T5700 and T5710 Thin Clients

ECS EZ-Tablet EZ30

Flybook

Fujitsu LifeBook P1120

HP Compaq t5700 Thin Client

NEC PowerMate Eco

NEC Versa DayLite/UltraLite

PCChips A530 Series Notebook

Sharp Actius/Mebius MM10

Sony Vaio Pcg-U1 and PCG-U3

TDV Vison V800XPT Tablet

OQO Model 01 and 01+

Fujitsu / Siemens Futro S300 (800mhz TM5800)

References

Halfhill, Tom R. (14 February 2000). "Transmeta Breaks x86 Low-Power Barrier". Microprocessor Report.

Halfhill, Tom R. (10 July 2000). "Top PC Vendors Adopt Crusoe". Microprocessor Report.

External links

Transmeta Microprocessor Technology

Linux on laptops and notebooks with Transmeta CPUs

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